The matrix obtained from a given matrix by this combined operation is commonly called the conjugate transpose of. In the context of C*-algebras or algebraic quantum mechanics, the function that to M associates the Rayleigh quotient R( M, x) for a fixed x and M varying through the algebra would be referred to as 'vector state' of the algebra. In linear algebra, it is common to apply both the complex conjugate and transpose to the same matrix. A matrix is a two-dimensional array of values that is often used to represent a linear transformation or a system of equations.
